1939 - 1945

A resource of student activities and background information.

He offered his life in place of another man condemned to death and in so doing became a martyr to the truth.

This album is unique: there is not a similar album of its kind in the whole world. It documents, in about two hundred photos from every direction and from every angle, the process of arrival, the enlisting, the selection, the confiscation of property and the preparation for the physical liquidation of a Jewish transport. The most surprising and striking fact is that the Album fell into the hands of a survivor of that same death transport.

A compilation of excerpts from testimonies about the liberation from Nazi concentration camps in 1945. This is an attempt to portray through photographs and to describe through testimonies the complexity of the liberation and its special significance for those Jews who remained alive.

The lessons of the Holocaust must form the cultural code for education toward humane values, democracy, human rights, tolerance and patience, and opposition to racism and totalitarian ideologies.

Represents the fruit of more than three decades of labor at Yad Vashem, the Holocaust Remembrance Authority of Israel. Based on a thirty-volume encyclopedia published only in Hebrew, this accessible new edition reclaims in illustrations and prose the distinctive culture lost during the Holocaust and makes this invaluable resource available in English for the first time.

Foreword / Dorothee Solle -- Confronting the Holocaust -- A Christian Passes Through Yad Vashem / Michael McGarry -- What Does the Holocaust Have to do with Christianity? / John K. Roth -- Hard Questions Asked by the Holocaust / David A. Rausch -- Chronology, 1932-1998 / Carol Rittner, Stephen D. Smith -- Antisemitism -- Two Thousand Years of Jewish Life in Europe by 1935 Map -- What is Antisemitism? / Carol Rittner, John K. Roth -- Comparison of Canonical Law and Nazi Anti-Jewish Measures Table -- Indifference to the Plight of the Jews During the Holocaust / Carol Rittner, John K. Roth -- The Churches and Nazi Persecution -- The German Churches in the Third Reich / Franklin H. Littell -- Collusion, Resistance, Silence: Protestants and the Holocaust / Doris L. Bergen -- The Role of the Churches: Compliance and Confrontation / Victoria J. Barnett -- The Response of the German Catholic Church to National Socialism / Michael Phayer -- Ludwig Muller Biography -- Martin Niemoller Biography -- Responses Outside The Mainstream Catholic and Protestant Traditions / Christine King -- A Mosaic of Victims: What About Non-Jewish Victims of the Nazis? / Michael Berenbaum -- The Reaction of the Churches in Nazi-Occupied Europe -- The Catholic Church in Poland and the Holocaust, 1939-1945 / Dariusz Libionka -- The Response of the Polish Church to the Holocaust / John T. Pawlikowski -- The Catholic Hierarchy in France During the War and the Persecution of the Jews / Renee Bedarida -- Leon Berard Biography -- French Protestant Churches and the Persecution of the Jews in France / Michael R. Marrus -- Jules-Gerard Saliege Biography -- The Dutch Protestants, the Third Reich and the Persecution of the Jews / Ger van Roon -- Denmark and the Holocaust / Carol Rittner -- Bulgaria and the Holocaust / Edward McGlynn Gaffney Jr. -- The Churches and the Deportation and Persecution of Jews in Slovakia / Livia Rothkirchen -- The Christian Churches and the Persecution of Jews in the Occupied Territories of the USSR / Yitzhak Arad -- Andrei Szeptyckyi Biography -- Jozef Tiso Biography -- Ordinary Men, Extraordinary Evil: Difficult Questions on the Perpetrators / Dan Bar-On -- 'In the Interest of Maintaining Military Discipline...' The Massacre of Children in Byelaya Tserkov, Military Chaplains and the Wehrmacht Letters -- The Vatican, the Pope, and the Persecution of the Jews -- Understanding the Vatican During the Nazi Period / Michael R. Marrus -- Who Was Pius XII? / Eugene J. Fisher -- Pius XII and the Holocaust / Jonathan Gorsky -- The Vatican and the Holocaust / John T. Pawlikowski -- The Case of Pius XII: Christians and Jews in Confrontation / Albert H. Friedlander -- The Challenge of the Exception -- A Glimmer of Light / Nechama Tec -- The Memory of Goodness / Eva Fleischner -- Rescuers: Their Motives and Morals / David P. Gushee -- Metropolitan Chrysostomos Biography -- Le Chambon-sur-Lignon Biography -- Msgr. Angelo Rotta Biography -- Sister Margit Slachta Biography -- Antonina Sivak Biography -- Mother Maria Skobtsova Biography -- Zegota Biography -- Comelia Ten Boom Biography -- Righteous Among the Nations Table -- After the Holocaust: How Have Christians Responded? -- After the Shoah: Christian Statements of Contrition / Peggy Obrecht -- How Have the Churches Responded to the Holocaust? / Eugene J. Fisher -- Protestant Responses to the Holocaust / Stephen R. Haynes -- In Search of Tikkun / Marcia Sachs Littell -- Challenges for Theological Training / Isabel Wollaston -- Holocaust Education in American Catholic Colleges and Universities / Michael Phayer, Carol Rittner -- Journey to Poland: Remembrance and Reconciliation, A Personal Reflection / Margaret Shepherd -- Where Memories Meet / Stephen D. Smith -- On Christian Mission to the Jews / Hubert G. Locke -- Christian Preaching after the Holocaust: Only Good Things Can Follow / Harry James Cargas -- Encountering the New Testament / Gareth Lloyd Jones -- Reading Contents: New Testament Texts / Jane Clements -- Flashpoints of Catholic-Jewish Relations / A. James Rudin -- The Canonization of Pius XII / John T. Pawlikowski -- Edith Stein's Canonization: Acknowledging Objections from Jews and Catholics / Eloise Rosenblatt -- The Dilemma of Forgiveness / Alice L. Eckardt -- Christians in a World of Genocide / Franklin H. Littell -- Is there a Future for Christianity? / Stephen D. Smith.

American Sailors ran for cover as Japanese Kamikaze pilots came diving from the sky. With suicide on their minds and planes packed with bombs, the doomed pilots became the dreaded terror of U.S. naval carriers in the Pacific.

See firsthand, in this award-winning documentary by famed filmaker John Ford, the events that led up to and took place during the Japanese air attack on Pearl Harbor.

He was a ruler with no identity, a man who neither understood himself nor his country. Includes his private war with Adolf Hitler, his march on Rome, and his theatrical personality.