Primary sources of westward expansion

The Homestead Act was passed in 1862, when states that had seceded from the Union could no longer block it in congress. The act opened land in the west for all Americans, including freed slaves, granting 160 acres to settlers under the condition that they farm it for five years. The result was that 1.6 million claims, covering 420,000 square miles, were granted, making residents of millions of people in the land west of the Mississippi River.

People today refer to the Midwestern and prairie states as flyover country. During the Civil War, crossing those areas was the biggest obstacle in uniting the East and West Coasts of our divided nation. An act of Congress in 1862 authorized the Central Pacific and the Union Pacific railroad companies to build a railroad that would link the coasts. Seven years later, on May 10, 1869, an overwhelmingly immigrant labor force completed the task when a rail line was join in Promontory, Utah. The states had become united at last.

An exploration of Native American resistance to territorial expansion, covering causes of fights, treaties, betrayals, and more.

An exploration of Manifest Destiny and the Mexican-American War, covering the origins of Manifest Destiny and its lasting effects, the causes of the Mexican-American war, and more.

When President Thomas Jefferson bought the Louisiana Territory from cash-strapped France in 1803, he doubled the size of the United States without really knowing what he was getting. He dispatched Meriwether Lewis and William Clark and their Corps of Discovery to explore a territory that would include part or all of fifteen future states and to seek a water route to the West Coast. Westward expansion began immediately, all for the bargain price of 15 million dollars.